Thursday, February 24, 2011

History GK-Major Historical Events Starting from B.C 2500


B.C 
2500-1800      Indus valley civilization.
599     Birth of Mahavir; Nirvana in 523. B.C.
563     Birth of Gautam Buddha; Nirvana in 483 B.C.
327-26     Alexander’s invasion of India and the opening of land route between India and Europe.
269-232     Ashoka’s reign.
261     Battle of Kalinga.
57     Beginning of Vikrama era.
30     Satvahana dynasty in Deooan. Pandyan empire in for south.
326     Alexander defeated Poras in the Battle of Hydaspas
261     Ashoka defeated Kalinga in the Kalinga War
A.D 
78     Beginning of Saka era.
320     Beginning of Gupta era.
360     Samudragupta conquers the whole of N. India and much of the Deccan.
380-413     Rule of Chandragupta Vikramaditya, age of Kalidasa, renewal of induism.
606-647     Rule of Harshavardhana.
629-645     Hieun Tsang’s visit in India.
622     Beginning of Hijra era.
712     Arab invasion of Sind by Mohd. bin Qasim.
1001-27     Repeated attacks of Mehmud Ghazni.
1025     Sacking of Somnath temple by Mehmud.
1191     First battle of Tarain in which Prithviraj Chauhan defeated Mohd. Ghori.
1192     Second battle of Tarain in which Mohd. Ghori defeated Prithviraj Chauhan.
1206     Qutubuddin Aibak founded the Ilbari/Slave dynasty.
1290     Jalaluddin Firuz Khilji established Khilji dynasty.
1290     Marco Polo visited India.
1320     Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq dynasty.
1333     Ibn Batuta arrived in India.
1336     Harihara and Bukka founded the Vijaynagar empire.
1347     Bahmani kingdom founded.
1398     Timur invades India.
1451     Lodi dynasty comes in power in Delhi Sultanate.
1469     Birth of Guru Nanak Dev.
1498     Vasco da Gama lands at Calicut.
1510     Portuguese capture Goa-Albuquerque Governor.
1526     First Battle of Panipat in which Babar defeated Ibrahim Lodhi and established the Mughal dynasty.
1556     Second battle of Panipat in which Akbar defeated Hemu.
1565     Battle of Talikota in which Vijaynagar empire is defeated.
1571     Foundation of Fatehpur Sikri by Akbar.
1576     Battle of Haldighati in which Akbar defeated Maharana Pratap.
1582     Akbar started Din-i-llahi.
1600     English East India Company established.
1604     Compilation of Adi Granth.
1605     Death of Akbar.
1611     The English built a factory at Masulipatnam.
1627     Birth of Shivaji
1631     Death of Shah Jahan’s wife Mumtaz Mahal. The building of Taj Mahal.
1658     Aurangzeb became Emperor of Delhi.
1666     Birth of Guru Gobind Singh.
1699     Guru Gobind Singh creates ‘Khalsa’.
1707     Death of Aurangzeb, fall of Mughal empire begins.
1739     Nadir Shah invaded India; the peacock throne and the Kohinoor Diamond taken away from India.
1757     Battle of Plassey in which the English defeated Siraj-ud- daula, Nawab of Bengal.
1760     Battle of Wandiwash, end of French power in India,
1761     Third Battle of Panipat in which Ahmed Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas.
1764     Battle of Buxar in which the English defeated the triple alliance of Nawab Mir Qasim of Bengal, Nawab Shuja-ud-daula of Awadh and Mughal emperor Shah Alam.
1793     Permanent settlement in Bengal.
1799     Fourth Anglo Mysore War, death of Tipu Sultan, Ranjit Singh occupied Lahore and made it his capital.
1817-19     Marathas finally crushed.
1828     Lord William Bentick becomes Governor General; Era of social reforms; Prohibition of Sati (1829), Suppression of thugs (1830).
1835     Introduction of English as medium of instruction.
1853     First Indian railway from Bombay to Thane.
1857-58     First war of Indian Independence.
1858     British crown takes over the Indian Government; End of East India Company’s rule.
1861     Birth of Rabindra Nath Tagore.
1869     Birth of M.K. Gandhi.
1885     Formation of Indian National Congress.
1905     Partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon.
1906     Formation of All India Muslim League.
1909     Minto-Morley Reforms.
1911     Delhi durbar held, partition of Bengal cancelled, capital shifted from Calcutta to Delhi.
1914     World War I started.
1918     End of World War I.
1919     Rowlatt Act, Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Montague- Chelmsford reforms.
1920     Non-cooperation Movement launched,
1921     Moplah rebellian in Malabar; visit of Prince of Wales.
1922     Chauri-Chaura incidence.
1923     Swaraj party formed.
1927     Simon Commission appointed.
1928     Visit of Simon Commission to India, death of Lala Lajpat Rai.
1929               Congress demanded’Poorna Swaraj’in Lahore session.
1930     January 26 celebrated as Independence Day throughout India, Dandi Salt Satyagraha, First Round Table conference.
1931     Gandhi-lrvin Pact, Second Round Table Conference.
1932     Suppression of Congress Movement, Third Round Table Conference, Communal Award, Poona Pact.
1935     Government of India Act.
1937     Inauguration of Provincial Autonomy. Congress ministries formed in 8 out of 11 provinces.
1939     Resignation of Congress ministries, beginning of World War II.
1942     Cripps Mission Plan, Quit India Movement, Formation of Indian National Army by S.C. Bose.
1945     Simla conference held and the failure of Wavell Plan, INA trials at Red Fort, Delhi.
1946     Cabinet Mission Plan, Formation of Interim Government, Direct Action Resolution by Muslim League.
1947     Mountbatten Plan of June 3 in which partition of India resolution is proposed, India divided, Pakistan created, both achieve independence, Jawarhar Lai Nehru becomes the I Prime Minister of India.
1948     Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi (Jan. 30).
1950     India became republic (Jan. 26).
1951     First Five Year Plan implemented.
1952     First General Elections held.
1953     Tenzing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hillary conquer Mt. Everest (May 29).
1954     Panchsheel agreement between India and China.
1956     Life insurance nationalized, State Reorganising Act comes into force.
1957     Second General Elections.
1958     Metric system of weights and measures introduced.
1959     Dalai Lama exiled; enters India.
1961     Liberation of Goa.
1962     Chinese attack on India. (Oct 20).
1964     Jawaharlal Nehru dies; Lai Bahadur Shastri becomes PM.
1965     Indo-Pak war.
1966     Tashkent Agreement reached, Death of Lai Bahadur Shastri, Indira Gandhi became PM.
1967     Dr. Zakir Hussain elected President.
1968     Hargovind Khurana shares the Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology.
1969     Death of. President Zakir Hussain (May 3). V. V. Giri elected President, Nationalization of 14 leading banks, Split in Indian National Congress.
1970     Former Indian ruler’s privy purses abolished. Dr. C. V. Raman died (Nov. 2).
1971     Indo-Pak War over Bangladesh.
1972     Shimla Agreement signed.
1973     Manekshaw named India’s first Field Marshal
1974     Nuclear explosion at Pokhran (May 18).
1975     Indian satellite ‘Aryabhatta’ launched, National emergency declared.
1976     The four Indian News agencies merged into a single News Agency known as ‘Samachar’, life of Lok Sabha extended by an year.
1977     Defeat of Mrs. Indira Gandhi in the election, Morarji Desai takes over as PM, emergency withdrawn.
1978     India launches world’s biggest adult literacy plan (Oct. 2).
1979     Charan Singh became PM., Mother Teresa won the Nobel Peace Prize.
1980     Indira Gandhi returns to power at centre, India launches first satellite using its own satellite launching vehicle (July. 18).


1981      India launched APPLE, Khalistan activists hijack Indian Airlines Boeing 737 to Lahore.
1982     Zail Singh sworn in as President, the 21-member Indian scientific expedition headed by Dr. S. Z. Qasim lands on Antarctica (Jan. 9), INSAT1 A launched, Ninth Asian Games held in New Delhi.
1983     The 7th Non Aligned Summit in New Delhi, Kalpakkam Atomic Energy plant goes critical (July 2), INSAT-1 B launched (Aug. 30), Richard Attenborough’s “Gandhi” wins 8 oscars.
1984     Rakesh Sharma becomes India’s first spaceman (Apr. 5), Bachendri Pal become the first Indian woman to scale Mt. Everest (May 23), Operation Blue Star, Assassination of Indira Gandhi (Oct 31), Rajiv Gandhi becomes PM, Bhopal Gas tragedy (Dec. 3).
1985     Anti-defection Bill passed (Jan. 3), Azharuddin hits 3 centuries in 3 tests.
1986     The first wholly Indian test-tube baby bom at KEM Hospital, Bombay (Aug. 7).
1987     Sunil Gavaskar becomes the first batsman to score 10,000 runs in tests (Mar. 7), Goa becomes the 25th state of India (May 30).
1988     India’s first remote sensing satellite IRS 1 -A launched from Russia (Mar. 17), INSAT 1-C launched from French Guyana (July 22).
1989     Successful test of Agni (May 22), laying of the foundation stone for the Ram Janmabhoomi temple of Ayodhya (Nov 10). V.P. Singh becomes the PM.
1990     Successful launching of INSAT 1-D (June 12), Mandal Commission recommendation implemented (Aug. 7), V.P. Singh tenders resignation (Nov. 7), S. Chandrashekhar becomes PM. (Nov. 10).
1991     Rajiv Gandhi killed in a bomb blast (May 21), P. V. Narsimha Rao became PM. (June 21), Earthquake in Uttarkashi region (Oct. 20), Satyajit Ray got special Oscar award. (Dec.16).
1992     Prithvi test fired (May 5), INSAT-2 A launched (July 10), Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma became President (July 25), the domes of Babri Masjid demolished (Dec 6).
1993     Panchayati Raj Act effective (Apr. 24), INSAT-2 B launched from French Guyana (July 23), Earthquake in Latur region (Sept. 30).
1994     First heart transplant in the country (Aug. 3), PSLV D-2 launched (Oct. 15).
1995     Punjab Chief Minister Beant Singh assassinated (Agu. 31), INSAT-2 C launched (Dec. 7)
1996     A.B. Vajpayee became PM. (May 16), H.D. Deve Gowda became PM. (June 1), India-Bangladesh sign Ganga Water Pact (Dec. 12)
1997     I. K. Gujral became PM. (Apr. 21), K. R. Narayanan sworn in as President (July 25), Mother Teresa passes away (Sept. 5), Arundhati Roy wins Booker Prize (Oct. 14), I. K. Gujral resigns as PM. (Nov. 28)
1998     Konkan railway commissioned (Jan. 26), A. B. Vajpayee became PM. (Mar. 19), India conducted total 5 nuclear tests (May 11 and May 13), Severe cyclone in Gujarat (June 9), Amartya Sen won the Noble Prize in Economics (Oct. 14)
1999     P.M. Vajpayee arrived in Pakistan by Delhi-Lahore bus (Feb. 20), India successfully launched its first commercial telecom satellite INSAT-2 E from Kourou (Apr. 3), Intense fighting in Kargil (June-July), Devastating cyclone in Orissa and A. P. (Oct.)
  2000     U. S. President Bill Clinton visited India (Mar.) INSAT-3 B launched from Kourou (Mar. 22), Successful test firing of ‘Dhanush’, the naval version of ‘Prithvi’ missile (Apr. 11), Karnam Malleshwari wins a bronze at Olympics, Chattisgarh formed (Nov. 1), Uttaranchal formed (Nov. 9), Jharkhand formed (Nov. 15).

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