THE LAST HISTORIC SPEECH OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD .
Months before the Prophet Muhammad's (s) first and last Pilgrimmage to Mecca, he realized he might not live to see next year. (He felt evidence of this was in the fact that the angel Gabriel went over the Quran twice with him during Ramadan to check for any mistakes in his memorization).
Months before the Prophet Muhammad's (s) first and last Pilgrimmage to Mecca, he realized he might not live to see next year. (He felt evidence of this was in the fact that the angel Gabriel went over the Quran twice with him during Ramadan to check for any mistakes in his memorization).
As
is custom, the pilgrims assembled near Mount Arafat to complete the last ritual of the
pilgrimmage. On the Ninth Day of the Islamic month Dhul Hijjah 10 A.H. (632CE) in the 'Uranah valley of Mount Arafat' (in Mecca), he gave a sermon to his people after leading
them in prayer.
After praising, and thanking God he said:
"O People, lend me an attentive ear,
for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again.
Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and TAKE THESE WORDS
TO THOSE WHO COULD NOT BE PRESENT HERE TODAY.
O
People, just as you regard this month, this day, this city as Sacred, so regard
the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods
entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt
you. Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord, and that HE will
indeed reckon your deeds. Allah has forbidden you to take usury
(interest), therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your
capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. Allah has Judged that there shall be no
interest and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn 'Abd'al Muttalib (his
uncle) shall henceforth be waived...
Beware
of Satan, for the safety of
your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead you
astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.
O
People, it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but
they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives
only under Allah's trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right
then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Do treat your
women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed
helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of
whom you do not approve, as well as never to be unchaste.
O
People, listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, say your five daily
prayers (Salah),
fast during the month of Ramadan,
and give your wealth inZakat. Perform Hajj if you can afford to.
All
mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no
superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab;
also a white has no superiority over black nor a black has any superiority over
white except by piety and good action. Learn
that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute
one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a
Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and
willingly. Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves.
Remember,
one day you will appear before Allah and answer your deeds. So beware, do
not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone.
O
People, NO PROPHET OR APOSTLE WILL COME AFTER ME AND NO NEW FAITH WILL BE BORN.
Reason well, therefore, O People, and understand words which I convey to you. I
leave behind me two things, the Qur'an and my example, the Sunnah and if you follow these you will never
go astray.
All
those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others
again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen
to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah, that I have
conveyed your message to your people".
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