Kerala during Sangham Age-psc.
1-Roman coins referred to in Chera and Chola inscriptions as pazhankasu.
2-The period from Istcentury AD - 5thcentury AD is
known as Sangham Age.
3-Ashokan inscriptions mention about the early
Cheras with the name Cheralamputra.
4-Vanchi, Karur, Thrikkariyur and Thiruvanchikkulam
were the capitals of Early Cheras.
5-Agriculture was the major occupation of the people
6-On the basis of physiography, the land was divided
into five thinas (Ainthina)
7-They were Palai (dry land), Marutham (fertile land),
neithal (coastal area), mullai (forest area) and kurinji
(hilly area)
8-More people were settled in the land area called
‘marutham’.
9-The term ‘sangha’ was first used by the saiva saint,
Appa.
10-Venadu, Kuttanadu, Kudanadu, Puzhinadu and
Karkanadu were the five divisions of Kerala in the
Sangham Age.
11-Kottavai (a form of Durga) was the chief diety of
people during the Sangham Age (war goddess)
12-Avvayar was the most famous poetess of the
Sangham period.
13-Manram was the famous socio-political institution
of the Sangham Kerala.
14-The distinctive feature of social life in this period
was the absence of caste system.
15-Kapilar and Paranar were famous poets of Sangham Age, belonged to the ‘Pana’ community.
16-Utiyan Cheralathan of first Chera Empire had the
title ‘vanavarampan’.
16-Chera ruler Nedum Cheralathan adopted the title
ImayaVarampan
17-Palyanai Chel Kezhu Kuttuvan defeated the Ay
kings of Venadu in battle.Palyanai Chel Kezhu Kuttuvan defeated the Ay kings of Venadu in battle.
18-Narmudi Cheralathan defeated the Ay Ruler Nannan
in the Battle of Vagai Perumthurai
19-Vel kezhu Kuttuvan had the title ‘Kadal pira kottiya’.He was popularly known as Chenkuttuvan.
20-During the period of Chenguttuvan, Kerala had
trade relations with Sri Lanka.
21-The Royal symbol of Chera was bow and Chola’s symbol was Tiger and that of the Pandyas was fish (Carp)
22-Aryans began to dominate Kerala from the 4th Century BC.
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