INDIAN HISTORY QUESTIONS
21) The fact that the satavahanas did maritime trade and had naval power is proved from the availability of a special type of coin. ‘ship with double mast’. Which ruler of the dynasty was supposed to have issued these coins?
a) Simuka
b) Satakarni II
c) Gautamiputra Satakarni
d) Yajna Sri Satakarni
Corrected Answer:
a) Simuka
b) Satakarni II
c) Gautamiputra Satakarni
d) Yajna Sri Satakarni
Corrected Answer:
Ans: d: Yajna Sri Satakarni
Yajna Sri Satakarni was the last great Satvahana ruler. He ruled for 29 years from 170 CE. (old version A.D.) He regained areas from western Kshatrapas of Saka rulers. He issued numerous silver coins which are testimony to the prosperity due to foreign trade and culmination of the conflict with Sakas.
Page 176: From the clues from Periplus of Erithyean sea, we learn that the Satvahana Empire had grown prosperous through commerical relations with Far East. Calliene of Periplus is the Kalyan of Deccan. In addition to that a pillar inscription of Yajna Satkarni is found at Chinna Ganjam in Guntur District.
22) Which one of the following represents the ancient town of Vijayapuri of the Ikshvakus?
a) Amaravati
b) Nagarjunakonda
c) Vijayawada
d) Vizianagaram
23) Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
a) Silappadikaram : Ilangovadigal
b) Manimekalai : Tirumazishy
c) Kural : Thiruvalluvar
d) Tirumadal : Tirumangai alwar
Silappadikaram is written by Ilango Adigal, a Jain monk. It is highly reputed epic in Tamil language.
Manimekalai is written by Sattanar, probably a contemporary of Ilalngo Adigal. Hence, option b is the answer as it is not rightly paired. Manimekalai is also one of the famous epic in Tamil literature.
Kural is a classic form of Tamil poetry. One of the best example of such poetry is Thirukkural which was written by Thiruvallur.
Tolkappiyam is the grammar of Tamil Language. It is the earliest available book on the Tamil language which was probably written before third century BC and continued to be modified up to 10th century A. D. The marriage practice in Tamil literature is generally written as Vivaham or Kaliyanam.
The fact as given in the question is stated in the 'Ancient India' by R. C. Majumdar page 208 and with reference to 'A History of South India by K. A. N. Shastri', pp. 124. ff.
This is one of the MCQ, in which the right answer is the only book and rest of the options are either the name of the place or a person. Secondly, it was one of the most important book which has been asked in the exams again and again. Another two books Manimekalai written by Seethalai Saathanar and Silapathikaram have appeared again and again in the Prelims. Sangam literature usually gives two to three questions.
a) Silappadikaram : Ilangovadigal
b) Manimekalai : Tirumazishy
c) Kural : Thiruvalluvar
d) Tirumadal : Tirumangai alwar
Silappadikaram is written by Ilango Adigal, a Jain monk. It is highly reputed epic in Tamil language.
Manimekalai is written by Sattanar, probably a contemporary of Ilalngo Adigal. Hence, option b is the answer as it is not rightly paired. Manimekalai is also one of the famous epic in Tamil literature.
Kural is a classic form of Tamil poetry. One of the best example of such poetry is Thirukkural which was written by Thiruvallur.
24) Which sangam Literary work says that the Aryans introduced the ritual and ceremony of marriage (Karanam)?
a) Tolkappiyam
b) Balaputradeva
c) Chaudamani Varman
d) Sri mara vijaya Hunga varman
Ans: Tolkappiyam:
a) Tolkappiyam
b) Balaputradeva
c) Chaudamani Varman
d) Sri mara vijaya Hunga varman
Ans: Tolkappiyam:
Tolkappiyam is the grammar of Tamil Language. It is the earliest available book on the Tamil language which was probably written before third century BC and continued to be modified up to 10th century A. D. The marriage practice in Tamil literature is generally written as Vivaham or Kaliyanam.
The fact as given in the question is stated in the 'Ancient India' by R. C. Majumdar page 208 and with reference to 'A History of South India by K. A. N. Shastri', pp. 124. ff.
This is one of the MCQ, in which the right answer is the only book and rest of the options are either the name of the place or a person. Secondly, it was one of the most important book which has been asked in the exams again and again. Another two books Manimekalai written by Seethalai Saathanar and Silapathikaram have appeared again and again in the Prelims. Sangam literature usually gives two to three questions.
25) Match list – I with List – II and select the answer using the code given below the list
List – I List – II
(Sangam Texts) (Compiled by )
A. Aingurunuru 1. Rudra sarman
B. Ahananuru 2. Nakkirar
C. Murugarrupadai 3. Nattattanar
D. Sirupunurruppadai 4. Gudalur kilar
a) A-3 B-2 C-1 D-4
b) A-3 B-1 C-2 D-4
c) A-4 B-2 C-1 D-3
d) A-4 B-1 C-2 D-3
Ans: A-4: Aingurunuru: It is a classic Tamil Poetic work, containing five hundred short poems. It is a part of the third Sangam (Kuttum) Literature Anthology named Ettuthokai. Aingurunuru contains stanzas of three lines. the aingurunuru means literally the short five hundred.
B:1: Perum-Devanar and Ahananuru was collected in present form by Rudrasarman. (References: “Some Contributions of South India to Indian Cutlure by S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar.)
Further, 'One of the most important of these collections which is known to Tamil Scholars under two names, Ahananuru, which means the 400 relating to 'erotics' (love poems) or Nedum-togai, meaning longer poems, was made by a Brahman Rudrasarman, the son of Uppurikudi Kilan of Madura at the instance of the Pandyan Ugrappervaludi.
C-2:
Nakkirar is the considered as the pre-eminent poet of the third Sangam. He is also known by different names as Kirar, Nakkirar, Narirkkirar. Kirar is his title because of his mastery over speech. He wrote Tiru murrugaarruppadai during the third Sangam under the patronage of the Pandya King Vangya (Vansha) Chudamani. ( Studies in Tamil Literature and History by Ramachandra Dikshitar).
D-3
Nattanttanar: Nattanar of Nallur wrote third idyll of Pattuppattu namely Chruplanaruu-paddi and Sirpanatru ppadai.
List – I List – II
(Sangam Texts) (Compiled by )
A. Aingurunuru 1. Rudra sarman
B. Ahananuru 2. Nakkirar
C. Murugarrupadai 3. Nattattanar
D. Sirupunurruppadai 4. Gudalur kilar
a) A-3 B-2 C-1 D-4
b) A-3 B-1 C-2 D-4
c) A-4 B-2 C-1 D-3
d) A-4 B-1 C-2 D-3
Ans: A-4: Aingurunuru: It is a classic Tamil Poetic work, containing five hundred short poems. It is a part of the third Sangam (Kuttum) Literature Anthology named Ettuthokai. Aingurunuru contains stanzas of three lines. the aingurunuru means literally the short five hundred.
B:1: Perum-Devanar and Ahananuru was collected in present form by Rudrasarman. (References: “Some Contributions of South India to Indian Cutlure by S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar.)
Further, 'One of the most important of these collections which is known to Tamil Scholars under two names, Ahananuru, which means the 400 relating to 'erotics' (love poems) or Nedum-togai, meaning longer poems, was made by a Brahman Rudrasarman, the son of Uppurikudi Kilan of Madura at the instance of the Pandyan Ugrappervaludi.
C-2:
Nakkirar is the considered as the pre-eminent poet of the third Sangam. He is also known by different names as Kirar, Nakkirar, Narirkkirar. Kirar is his title because of his mastery over speech. He wrote Tiru murrugaarruppadai during the third Sangam under the patronage of the Pandya King Vangya (Vansha) Chudamani. ( Studies in Tamil Literature and History by Ramachandra Dikshitar).
D-3
Nattanttanar: Nattanar of Nallur wrote third idyll of Pattuppattu namely Chruplanaruu-paddi and Sirpanatru ppadai.
26) The reign period of which one of the following Parthian rulers has been definitely fixed in the famous Takht–I–Bahi inscription?
a) Vonones
b) Maues
c) Gondophernes
d) Apollorius
Ans: C:Gondophernes:
a) Vonones
b) Maues
c) Gondophernes
d) Apollorius
Ans: C:Gondophernes:
.
Takht-i-Bahi is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is ruins of Buddhist Monastery belonging to 1 c. BC (Before Common Era: BCE). It is located at Mardan in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. A village by the name Takht-i-Bahi is located near the ruins.
Gondophernes was the Parthian (Pallavas – not to be confused with Pallavas of South) king. He had ruled from Taxila. The Parthians had followed the Sakas (Scythians) invasion and preceded the invaded of Kushans. He ruled around 20 AD. He had placed an inscription at at Takht-i-Bahi. He had come into contact with Saint Thomas as per Dr. B. N. Puri.
Vonones was Indo-Scythian king who ruled from 75 to 65 BC in North Western India when they were being pushed back Chinese tribes coming from Central Asia generally called the great migration. (Kindly note: The latest researches based on Chinese account are changing the details of this post Mauryan and Kushan period. However, in India, you still find the earlier version and mostly the NCERT book of +2 level should be made the basis of the notes if one come across a book in which new researches are mentioned. In the mains, a question for 60 marks or 15 marks question appear again and again. Secondly, Saka is the official calendar which begins from 72 AD. (current eg 2010 minus 72 gives 1938 which is the official year in government calenders. In case of Vikrami eras, add 57 to the 2010 and it gives 2067 Vikrami).
Maues: Maues or Moga (A district in Punjab) was another Saka or Indo Scythian king. He ruled from 85 BC to 60 BC. He ruled in the area of present Afghanistan. Maues is mainly known for his silver coins which he minted at Taxila or Taksha Sila. He was succeeded in Taxila region by Vonones towards the south of Afghanistan.
Takht-i-Bahi is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is ruins of Buddhist Monastery belonging to 1 c. BC (Before Common Era: BCE). It is located at Mardan in North West Frontier Province of Pakistan. A village by the name Takht-i-Bahi is located near the ruins.
Gondophernes was the Parthian (Pallavas – not to be confused with Pallavas of South) king. He had ruled from Taxila. The Parthians had followed the Sakas (Scythians) invasion and preceded the invaded of Kushans. He ruled around 20 AD. He had placed an inscription at at Takht-i-Bahi. He had come into contact with Saint Thomas as per Dr. B. N. Puri.
Vonones was Indo-Scythian king who ruled from 75 to 65 BC in North Western India when they were being pushed back Chinese tribes coming from Central Asia generally called the great migration. (Kindly note: The latest researches based on Chinese account are changing the details of this post Mauryan and Kushan period. However, in India, you still find the earlier version and mostly the NCERT book of +2 level should be made the basis of the notes if one come across a book in which new researches are mentioned. In the mains, a question for 60 marks or 15 marks question appear again and again. Secondly, Saka is the official calendar which begins from 72 AD. (current eg 2010 minus 72 gives 1938 which is the official year in government calenders. In case of Vikrami eras, add 57 to the 2010 and it gives 2067 Vikrami).
Maues: Maues or Moga (A district in Punjab) was another Saka or Indo Scythian king. He ruled from 85 BC to 60 BC. He ruled in the area of present Afghanistan. Maues is mainly known for his silver coins which he minted at Taxila or Taksha Sila. He was succeeded in Taxila region by Vonones towards the south of Afghanistan.
27) Which one of the Sailendra kings built a monastery at Nalanda and requested the Pala emperor Devapala to grant five villages for its maintenance?
a) Dharnindravarman
b) Balaputradeva
c) Chaudamani Varman
d) Sri Mara Vijayan Hungavarman
Ans: Salendra king, Balaputradeva, was a king of Sumatra or Suvarna Dvipa. The fact in the question is mentioned on an inscription at Nalanda. The inscription belongs to 860 AD. At that time,
Devapala was Pala ruler. They ruled over Gaud or the present Bengal region. The Pala rulers were manly followers of Mahayana and Vajrayana school of Buddhism. They had been elected to the throne.
Dharanindravarman: He was the ruler of Khamer Empire (Present Camobodia) He ruled from 1107 to 1113 AD. The capital city was Angkor.
Chudamani Varman: He was the ruler of Kadaram. He sought permission from Raja Raja Chola to build a vihara in Negapatam. It was a Buddhist Vihara. Kadaram or Kedah kingdom was flourishing in Malaysia. It was popular as Sri Vijaya Empire of Sumatra.
a) Dharnindravarman
b) Balaputradeva
c) Chaudamani Varman
d) Sri Mara Vijayan Hungavarman
Ans: Salendra king, Balaputradeva, was a king of Sumatra or Suvarna Dvipa. The fact in the question is mentioned on an inscription at Nalanda. The inscription belongs to 860 AD. At that time,
Devapala was Pala ruler. They ruled over Gaud or the present Bengal region. The Pala rulers were manly followers of Mahayana and Vajrayana school of Buddhism. They had been elected to the throne.
Dharanindravarman: He was the ruler of Khamer Empire (Present Camobodia) He ruled from 1107 to 1113 AD. The capital city was Angkor.
Chudamani Varman: He was the ruler of Kadaram. He sought permission from Raja Raja Chola to build a vihara in Negapatam. It was a Buddhist Vihara. Kadaram or Kedah kingdom was flourishing in Malaysia. It was popular as Sri Vijaya Empire of Sumatra.
28) After Mahavira’s Death who among the following became the spiritual leader of Jainism?
a) Gautama Indrabhuti
b) Gosala
c) Sudharman
d) Jambuswami
Ans: c: Sudharman.
Lord Mahavira is said to have eleven principles disciples. They were also called Ganadharas. Nine of the Ganadharas had died during the life of Mahavira. Sudharman and Indrabhuti Gautama survived Mahavira. Sudharman became the head of the Jain congregation after Mahavira passed away. Most of the teachings of Mahavira has been attributed to the narration given by Sudharman as recorded in Angas He had taught those teaching to his disciple Jambusvamin. Thus many of the Jain canonical texts begins either as 'Thus Jamusavamin' or 'Thus it was heard from Sudharman'. This explanation is the part of the Jain history as told in Shvetambra sect. The historians generally accepted the Shvetambhara tradition version.
a) Gautama Indrabhuti
b) Gosala
c) Sudharman
d) Jambuswami
Ans: c: Sudharman.
Lord Mahavira is said to have eleven principles disciples. They were also called Ganadharas. Nine of the Ganadharas had died during the life of Mahavira. Sudharman and Indrabhuti Gautama survived Mahavira. Sudharman became the head of the Jain congregation after Mahavira passed away. Most of the teachings of Mahavira has been attributed to the narration given by Sudharman as recorded in Angas He had taught those teaching to his disciple Jambusvamin. Thus many of the Jain canonical texts begins either as 'Thus Jamusavamin' or 'Thus it was heard from Sudharman'. This explanation is the part of the Jain history as told in Shvetambra sect. The historians generally accepted the Shvetambhara tradition version.
29) Which one of the following rulers assumed the title of Hazarat – I – Ala?
a) Balban
b) Alauddin Khalji
c) Mohammad bin Tughluq
d) Sher Shah Suri
Ans: Sher Shah Suri: d
Sher Shah Suri adopted this title in 1530. At that time, he was employed with Bihar administration. The Lohani family was ruling over Bihar. Muhammad Shah had promoted Sher Khan. But he died in 1528. By 1530, the responsibility of the administration devolved upon Sher Khan as he was the Vakil of the Administration. He was opposed by other Lohani nobles. In such a situation he took over the title Hazarat-i-Ala. Many historians had emphasised that it was his tenure as Hazrat-i-Ala at Bihar, which helped him to consolidate his position as well as learn the intricacies of ruling an empire which helped him later when he faced Humanyun and finally ousted him to become Sher Shah Suri. It was during this experience, he emerged as the leader of Afghans in India. (Advanced Study in the History of India by J L Mehta Sterlin Publication.)
Balban took the title of Zil-i-illahi.
Alauddin Khilji took the title of Sikander after he had conquered Gujarat with the help of Nusrat and Ulugh Khan and also defeated Mongols under Saldi with the help of Zafar Khan.
Mohammad bin Tughluq
He had been given the title of Ulugh Khan.
a) Balban
b) Alauddin Khalji
c) Mohammad bin Tughluq
d) Sher Shah Suri
Ans: Sher Shah Suri: d
Sher Shah Suri adopted this title in 1530. At that time, he was employed with Bihar administration. The Lohani family was ruling over Bihar. Muhammad Shah had promoted Sher Khan. But he died in 1528. By 1530, the responsibility of the administration devolved upon Sher Khan as he was the Vakil of the Administration. He was opposed by other Lohani nobles. In such a situation he took over the title Hazarat-i-Ala. Many historians had emphasised that it was his tenure as Hazrat-i-Ala at Bihar, which helped him to consolidate his position as well as learn the intricacies of ruling an empire which helped him later when he faced Humanyun and finally ousted him to become Sher Shah Suri. It was during this experience, he emerged as the leader of Afghans in India. (Advanced Study in the History of India by J L Mehta Sterlin Publication.)
Balban took the title of Zil-i-illahi.
Alauddin Khilji took the title of Sikander after he had conquered Gujarat with the help of Nusrat and Ulugh Khan and also defeated Mongols under Saldi with the help of Zafar Khan.
Mohammad bin Tughluq
He had been given the title of Ulugh Khan.
30) Who of the following did not serve Alauddin Khalji as commander in chief of army?
a) Alp Khan
b) Khizr Khan
c) Nusrat Khan
d) Zafar Khan
Ans: Khizr Khan: b
Alp Khan, Nusrat Khan and Zafar Khan formed the part of the group which worked with Alauddin Khilji to consolidate his empire. When Alauddin managed to occupy the throne in Delhi, he rewarded his core group with titles. Almas Beg was given the title of Ulugh Khan. Hizabr-ud-din was titled Zafar Khan. Zafar Khan was his main commander to pushed back the Mongols. Malik Sanjar was the given the title of Alp Khan. Malik Nusrat was titled Nusrat Khan. Note: The names coterie of four along with Alauddin (whose name was Ali Gurshap) had been the coming up as questions from time to time.
a) Alp Khan
b) Khizr Khan
c) Nusrat Khan
d) Zafar Khan
Ans: Khizr Khan: b
Alp Khan, Nusrat Khan and Zafar Khan formed the part of the group which worked with Alauddin Khilji to consolidate his empire. When Alauddin managed to occupy the throne in Delhi, he rewarded his core group with titles. Almas Beg was given the title of Ulugh Khan. Hizabr-ud-din was titled Zafar Khan. Zafar Khan was his main commander to pushed back the Mongols. Malik Sanjar was the given the title of Alp Khan. Malik Nusrat was titled Nusrat Khan. Note: The names coterie of four along with Alauddin (whose name was Ali Gurshap) had been the coming up as questions from time to time.
31) What was Kharaj in the 13th century?
a) Tax on cultivation
b) Tax on land transfer
c) Waiver of the tax on land
d) Tax on irrigated lands
Ans: Kharaj: Tax on Cultivation: a
Nankar: Revenue free land. (Land and society in India: agrarian relations in colonial north bihar. By Bindeshwar Ram. )
Khidmat: the payment received by the zamindars for the services rendered to collect the reveue for the Mughal state. It was in the range of 2.5 to 10 %. (ibid: Bindeshwar Ram)
a) Tax on cultivation
b) Tax on land transfer
c) Waiver of the tax on land
d) Tax on irrigated lands
Ans: Kharaj: Tax on Cultivation: a
Nankar: Revenue free land. (Land and society in India: agrarian relations in colonial north bihar. By Bindeshwar Ram. )
Khidmat: the payment received by the zamindars for the services rendered to collect the reveue for the Mughal state. It was in the range of 2.5 to 10 %. (ibid: Bindeshwar Ram)
32) The foundation of which one of the following towns was not laid by Sultan Feroze Shah Tughluq?
a) Hissar
b) Ferozabad
c) Faridabad
d) Jaunpur
Ans: Faridabad: c
Faridabad was founded in A.D. 1607 by Shaikh Farid, treasurer of Jahangir, with the object of protecting the highway which passed through the town. Shaikh Farid built a fort, a tank and a mosque. Later, it becomes the headquaters of a pargana which was held in jagir by the Ballabgarh ruler.
a) Hissar
b) Ferozabad
c) Faridabad
d) Jaunpur
Ans: Faridabad: c
Faridabad was founded in A.D. 1607 by Shaikh Farid, treasurer of Jahangir, with the object of protecting the highway which passed through the town. Shaikh Farid built a fort, a tank and a mosque. Later, it becomes the headquaters of a pargana which was held in jagir by the Ballabgarh ruler.
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