Periyar River

Periyar River

Periyar River which has a length of 244 kms is the longest river in Kerala. It is a perennial river and is used for supplying drinking water. It is popularly called as the Lifeline of Kerala. Periyar River originates from Sivagiri hills of Western Ghats and flows through the Periyar National Park and reaches the Periyar Lake. The water from here then flows into the Vembanad Lake and then finally to the Arabian Sea. A portion of the water from the lake is diverted through a tunnel into the Vaigai River in Tamil Nadu state. This water is used for supplying drinking water in almost 5 drought affected districts in Tamil Nadu. The Periyar Lake dam is maintained by the Tamil Nadu government based on an agreement between the two states.

Bharathapuzha River

Bharathapuzha River

Bharathapuzha River which has a length of 209 kms is the second longest river in Kerala. It is considered as the Nile of Kerala and is also called as Nila. It is also known by other names such as Kuttipuram puzha and Ponnaniyar. This river originates from Anaimalai hills of Western Ghats and flows towards the west direction. On the way many rivers join Bharathapuzha and finally flow into the Arabian Sea. The river spreads across the Palakkad and Malappuram districts.

Treaty of Westphalia

Westphalia        

Westphalia is a region in Germany.Westphalia is roughly the region between the rivers Rhine and Weser.

Westphalia is known for the 1648 Peace of Westphalia which ended the Thirty Years' War.

The Peace of Westphalia was a series of peace treaties signed between May and October of 1648 in Osnabrück and Münster.

These treaties ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) between Spain and the Dutch Republic, with Spain formally recognizing the independence of the Dutch Republic.

Cortes and Battle of Zama

Hernán Cortés

Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro, was a Spanish conqueror  who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century.

 Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers that began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas.

Battle of Zama

The Battle of Zama, fought around October 19, 202 BC, marked the final and decisive end of the Second Punic War.

Unity Women's College Manjeri-Teachers Footsall Team

First Runner Up(UNITY WOMENS COLLEGE MANJERI) at the calicut University college teachers footsall tournament held at E M E A College Kondotty on 22-11-2011

Tamil inscription of Rashtrakuta king Krishna-III

Tamil, Kannada inscriptions found in Vellore village

The Tamil inscription of Rashtrakuta king Krishna-III of 10th century CE found at Melpadi village in Tamil Nadu by K. Kumar, Archaeologist. in October 2011.

The two inscriptions record that Rashtrakuta King Krishna III gifted village to poet Appaiyan

Two inscriptions belonging to the reign of the Rashtrakuta King, Krishna III, were found at Vallimalai village in Vellore district of Tamil Nadu.

water resources OF the Vijayanagara Empire

What were the main features of the water resources that the Vijayanagara Empire had.

· Vijayanagara was located in the natural basin formed by the river Tungabhadra

which flows in the north-easterly direction and the landscape that surrounded the city

with granite hills.

· Many embankments were built along these streams to create reservoirs of

different sizes. Since Vijayanagara was one of the most arid zones of the peninsula,

perfect arrangements were made to store rainwater to be used in the city.

· Kamalapuram tank is the best example for such a tank built in the early years of

the fifteenth century. Water from this tank was used not only for irrigating fields but

was also conducted through a channel to the “royal centre”.

· According to the historians, the Hiriya canal was one of the most prominent

waterworks.

significance of Mahanavmi dibba

 Who replaced the Saluva dynasty?

The first dynasty of Vijayanagara Empire was replaced by the Saluva dynasty and its

end was same as the end of Sangama dynasty. The Saluva dynasty was replaced by

the Tuluva dynasty. Krishnadeva Raya belonged to the Tuluva dynasty

What was the condition of the Vijayanagara kingdom after the death of

Krishnadeva Raya?

After the death of Krishnadeva Raya in 1529, his successors faced problems created

by rebellious nayakas or military chiefs. By 1542 the control of the empire came

under another ruling lineage, the Aravidu, which continued till the end of the

seventeenth century and in 1565 Vijayanagara Empire vanished as it was defeated in

the Battle of Rakshasi-Tangadi.

Karnataka samrajyamu

What is Karnataka samrajyamu?

Karnataka samrajyamu was the name used by the contemporaries to describe the

Vijayanagara Empire and it is quite true with finding of the evidences of Empire in

Karnataka at Hampi. Historians, however, use the term Vijayanagara Empire.

Name the rulers with whom the Vijayanagara kings competed.

On the northern frontiers, the Vijayanagara kings competed with contemporary rulers

such as the Sultans of the Deccan and the Gajapati rulers of Orissa for control of the

fertile river valleys and the resources that were brought by overseas trade.

Vijayanagara Empire

Who founded the Vijayanagara Empire?

According to tradition and epigraphic evidence two brothers, Harihara and Bukka,

founded the Vijayanagara Empire in 1336 on the inspiration from their Guru

Vidhyaranya. This empire included different people who spoke different languages

and followed different religious traditions.