CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF SULTANATE PERIOD

CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF SULTANATE PERIOD

712 Arab conquest of Sindh.
961 Alaptigin appointed Governor of Khurasan.
977-97 Sabuktgin, King of Ghazni.
986-87 Sabuktgin attacked Jaipal.
991 Jaipal organized confederacy of rules against Sabuktgin.
998-1030 Mahmud Ghazni.
1000 Mahmud’s first expedition.
1001 Mahmud’s second expedition against Jaipal.
1006 Mahmud’s fourth invasion against Daud, ruler of Multan.
1008 Mahmud’s sixth expedition against Anandpal.
1009 Mahmud’s expedition against Nagarkot.
1010 Mahmud defeated Daud of Multan again.
1014 Mahmud led an expedition against Thaneswar.
1015-1021 Unsuccessful effort to conqueror to Kashmir.
1018-19 Expedition of Mahmud against Qanauj.
1021 Unsuccessful effort to conqueror Kashmir.
1021-22 Mahmud laid siege to Gwalior.
1021-22 Trinochanpal defeated and killed.
1025-26 Mahmud’s expedition against Somnath.
1030-40 Reign of Masud, son of Mahmud.
1037 Conquest of Hansi by Masud.
1059 Ibrahim ascended the throne of Ghazni.
1117 Death of Arslan, the last ruler of Ghazni.
1155 Ala-ud-Din Hussain of Ghour attacked Ghazni and destroyed it.
1168 Death of Ala-ud-Din Hussain.
1175 Invasion against Multan by Muhammad Ghouri.
1179 Muhammad attacked and captured Peshawar.
1181 Muhammad Ghouri forced Khusrau Malik of Lahore to make peace with him.
1182 Muhammad Ghouri invaded Lowe Sindh.
1185-86 Muhammad attacked Punjab again.
1186 Lahore captured by Muhammad Ghouri.
1191 First battle of Tarain and defeat of Muhammad Ghouri by Pirthvi Raj Chauhan.
1192 Second battle of Tarain and defeat of Pirthvi Raj.
1194 Conquest of Qanauj and defeat of Jai Chand.
1195-96 Muhammad Ghouri defeated Bhatti Rajputs.
1197 Conquest of Bihar by Bakhtiar Khilji.
1197-98 Qutb-ud-Din Aibak conquered Badayun.
1202-03 Kalinjar, Mahoba and Khajuraho occupied by Qutb-ud-Din Aibak.
1204-05 Conquest of Bengal by Bakhtiar Khilji.
1205 Failure of Bakhtiar to conqueror Tibet.
1206 Death of Muhammad Ghouri.
1206-90 The Slave Dynasty.
1206-10 Qutb-ud-Din Aibak, ruler of Delhi.
1210-11 Aram Shah.
1211-36 Iltumish, Sultan of Delhi.
1216 Defeat of Yildoz by Iltumish.
1217 Iltumish declared war against Qabacha.
1221 The Mongols appeared on banks of the Indus.
1223 Expedition of Iltumish against Bengal.
1226 Conquest of Ranthamhor by Iltumish.
1231 Gwalior besieged by Iltumish.
1231-02 Qutb Minar of Delhi completed.
1234-05 Expedition of Iltumish against Malwa.
1235 Expedition of Iltumish against Banain.
1236-40 Reign of Sultana Razia.
1240-02 Bahram Shah.
1241 Mongols attacked India.
1242-06 Reign of Ala-ud-Din Masud Shah.
1245 Mongols invaded India again.
1246-66 Reign of Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud.
1266-86 Reign of Ghiyas-ud-Din Balban.
1279 Mongol invasion of India.
1285 Mongol invasion and death of Prince Mahmud, son of Balban.
1287 Death of Balban.
1286 Kai-Khusrau.
1287-90 Kaiqubad.
1290-1320 The Khilji Dynasty
1290-06 Jalal-ud-Din Khilji.
1292 Mongol invasion under Abdullah, grandson of Halaku Khan.
1292 Ala-ud-Din invaded Malwa and captured Bhilsa.
1294 Ala-ud-Din defeated Ram Chandra, ruler of Devagiri.
1295-1316 Reign of Ala-ud-Din Khilji.
1296 First Mongol invasion of India.
1297 Second Mongol invasion of India.
1299 Third Mongol invasion of India.
1299 Conquest of Gujrat.
1301 Conquest of Ranthamhbor.
1303 Fourth Mongol invasion India.
1303 Conquest of Mewar.
1305 Conquest of Malwa.
1306 Mongol invasion of India.
1307 Conquest of Devagiri by Malik Kafur.
1307-08 Last Mongol invasion of India.
1308 Conquest of ruler of Sevana in Rajputana.
1310 Conquest of Telinganga by Malik Kafur.
1310 Conquest of Dwarsamudra.
1311 Conquest of Pandya Kingdom.
1316 Death Ala-ud-Din on 2nd January.
1316-20 Reign of Qutb-ud-Din Mubarak Shah.
1320 Nasir-ud-Din Khusrau Shah.
1320-1412 The Taghluq Dynasty.
1320-25 Ghiyas-ud-Din Taghluq.
1325-51 Reign of Muhammad bin Taghluq.
1327 Transfer of Capital to Daulatabad from Dehli.
1328-09 Invasion of India by Tarmashirin Khan, Chaghtai Chief of Transoxiana.
1329-30 Token Currency Experiment.
1336 Harihar founded the Kingdom of Vijayanagar.
1337 Conquest of fort of Nagarkot in Kangra District of Punjab.
1347 Foundation of Bahmani kingdom.
1351 Death of Muhammad Taghluq on 20th March.
1351-88 Reign of Firuz Taghluq.
1353-54 Invasion of Bengal by Firuz Taghluq.
1359-60 Another invasion of Bengal by Firuz Taghluq.
1361-62 Firuz marched towards Thatta, Capital of Jams of Sindh.
1388 Death of Firuz Taghluq on 20th September.
1388-89 Reign of Ghiyas-ud-Din Taghluq Shah II.
1389-90 Reign of Abu Bakr Shah.
1394 Ala-ud-Din Sikandar Shah.
1390-04 Reign of Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad.
1394-1413 Nasir-ud-Muhammad Taghluq.
1398-99 Timur’s invasion of India.
1413-04 Daulat khan Lodi.
1414-51 The Sayyid Dynasty.
1414-21 Khizr Khan
1421-34 Mubarak Shah.
1434-44 Muhammad Shah.
1444-51 Alam Shah.
1451-1526 The Lodi Dynasty.
1451-89 Bahlol Lodi.
1489-1517 Sikandar Shah.
1504 City of Agra founded by Sikandar Shah.
1508 Conquest of Marwar.
1517 Death of Sikandar Shah on 21st November.
1517-26 Ibrahim Lodi.
1526 First battle of Panipat. Ibrahim was defeated and killed. Babur founded Mughal dynasty.

        CRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF MUGHAL RULE

BABUR (1483-1530)

1483 Babur was born at Andijan on 24th February.
1496 Babur led expedition to Samarkand for the first time.
1498 Babur captured Farghana.
1501 Babur recaptured Samarkand.
1504 Babur captured Kabul.
1510 Babur defeated Shaibani Khan.
1512 Ubaidullah defeated Babur.
(1505-24) Babur’s five attacks on Indo-Pakistan.
1526 First battle of Panipat on April 21.
1527 Battle of Kanwah.
1528 Battle of Chanderi.
1529 Battle of Chagra.
1530 Death of Babur.

HAMAYUN (1530-1556)

1508 Hamayun was born.
1530 Succeeded to throne.
1531 Expedition of Kalinjar.
1532 Battle of Dowrah and siege of Chunar.
1533 War against Afghans.
1535 War with Bahadur Shah.
(1537-40) Wars with Sher Khan.
1539 Battle of Chausa 28th June.
1540 Battle of Kanauj 17th May.
(1540-55) Humayun’s period of exile.
1556 Death of Hamayun.

SHER SHAH SURI AND HIS SUCCESSORS (1540-1556)

1472 Sher Shah Suri was born at Bajwara.
1522 Sher Khan joined services as Bihar ruler.
1527 Sher Khan joined services of Babur.
1528 Sher Khan left the Mughal court.
1534 Sher Khan defeated Jalal Khan and Mahmud Shah.
(1537-40) Wars with Hamayun.
1539 Sher Khan defeated Hamayun at Chausa.
1540 Sher Khan defeated Hamayun at Kanauj.
1542 Conquest of Malwa.
1543 Conquest of Raisin.
1543 Conquest of Jodhpur.
1545 Conquest of Kalinjar.
1545 Death of Sher Shah on May 22.
(1545-53) Islam Shah ruled the throne of Delhi.
(1553-57) Muhammad Adil.

AKBAR THE GREAT (1556-1605)

1542 Akbar was born at Amarkot.
1556 Crowned on 14th February.
1556 Second battle of Panipat.
1558 End of Sur Dynasty.
(1556-60) Regency of Bairam Khan.
(1560-62) The Petticoat Government.
1561 Conquest of Malwa.
1564 Conquest of Gondwana.
1568 Conquest of Chittor.
1569 Conquest of Ranthambhor.
1570 Conquest of Jodhpur, Bikaner and Jaisalmer.
1573 Conquest of Gujrat.
1576 Conquest of Bengal.
1581 Din-e-Elahi.
1585 Conquest of Kabul.
1586 Conquest of Kashmir.
1591 Conquest of Sindh and Balochistan.
1595 Conquest of Qandhar.
1600 Conquest of Ahmadnagar and Asirgarh.
1602 Abul Fazl murdered by Bir Singh Bundela.
1605 Akbar died of diarrhoea.

JAHANGIR (1605-27)

1569 Jahangir was born to Joda Bai.
1586 Jahangir married to daughter of Bhagwan Das.
1601 Jahangir revolted against Akbar.
1605 Jahangir ascended the Mughal throne.
1606 Revolt of Prince Khusrau.
1615 Conquest of Mewar.
(1610-26) War with Ahmadnagar.
1620 Conquest of Kistwar.
1622 Secession of Qandhar.
1623 Rebellion of Shah Jahan.
1626 Revolt of Mahabat Khan.
1627 Jahangir died near Rajore.

SHAH JAHAN (1628-58)

1592 Shah Jahan born to Balmati Jodha Bai at Lahore.
1607 Shah Jahan granted Mansab of 8000 zat and 500 sawar.
1610 Shah Jahan capture fort of Kangra.
1628 Shah Jahan ascended the throne.
(1630-32) Famine of Gujrat, Khandesh and Deccan.
1632 War with Portuguese.
(1636-44) Aurangzeb’s first Viceroyalty of Deccan.
(1653-58) Aurangzeb’s second Viceroyalty of Deccan.
1653 Loss of Qandhar.
1658 War of succession between four sons of Shah Jahan vis Aurangzeb, Dara, Shuja and Murad.
1658 Aurangzeb was crowned emperor of India.
(1658-66) Detention of Shah Jahan in Agra.
1666 Death of Shah Jahan.

AURANGZEB ALAMGIR (1658-1707)

(1636-44) Aurangzeb’s first viceroyalty of Deccan.
(1653-58) Aurangzeb’s second viceroyalty of Deccan.
1658 War of succession.
1659 Aurangzeb’s accession to Mughal throne.
1672 Revolt of Santnamis.
1672 Afridis rose in revolt.
1679 Annexation of Mewar.
1681 Submission of Mewar.
1686 Conquest of Bijapur.
1687 Conquest of Golkondo.
1707 Death of Aurangzeb.

SUCCESSORS OF AURANGZEB

(1707-12) Bahadur Shah.
(1712-13) Jahandar Shah.
(1713-19) Farrukh Siyar.
(Feb-June 1719) Rafi-ud-Darajat.
(June-Sept. 1719) Rafi-ud-Daulah.
(1719-48) Muhammad Shah.
(1739) Nadir Shah’s invasion of India.
(1748-54) Ahmad Shah.
(1754-59) Alamgir II.
(1759-1806) Shah Alam II.
(1762) Third Battle of Panipat.
(1806-37) Akbar II.
  (1837-57) Bahadur Shah II.