DEBATE IN INDIAN HISTORY

DEBATE ON INDIAN HISTORY

INDIAN FUEDALISM

1-s a dange & b n datta –One of the earliest writings on the development of fuedal formation in early india

2-d d kosambi-Two chapters in his “AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF INDIAN HISTORY”(fuedalism from above and fuedalism from below).

3-r s sharma- ‘INDIAN FUEDALISM”.from gupta period onward certain political and administrative developments (land grants to brahmans)tended to fuedalise state apparatus.(decline of long distace trade,fall of cities and towns and scarcity of gold coins)

4-d c sircar-criticised sharma’s thought through his LAND LORDISM CONFUSED WITH FUEDALIS.To him fuedalism is a misnomer in indian context.

5-harbans mukhia-wrote a book entitled “WAS THERE FUEDALISM IN INDIAN HISTORY.

6-b n s yadava-THE PROBLEMS OF THE EMERGENCE OF FUEDAL RELATIONS IN EARLY INDIA”.He challeged sircars views.

7-d n jha –EARLY INDIAN FUEDALISM.Acknowledged european model of fuedalism in early india

8-r s sharma-HOW FUEDAL WAS INDIAN FUEDALISM

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9-irfan habib-IN CLASSIFYING PRE COLONIAL INDIA.he used MEDIEVAL INDIAN SYSTEM rather than the term INDIAN FUEDALISM.

Asokan Dhamma

1-R G BHANDARKAR  “Asokan dhamma is nothing more than secular buddism”

2-ROMILA THAPPER “Asokan dhamma is based on a high degree of social ethics and civic responsibility”.

HOME LAND OF ARYANS

1-MAX MULLER “Aryan means language

2-GANGATHARAN JHA,D S TRIVEDI and L D KALLA ”Vedic Aryans were indegenious people and their homeland was sapta sindhu”

3-B G TILAK “Home land of Aryans was the Arctic regions”(ARCTIC,HOME OF ARYANS)

4-SWAMI  DAYANANDA SARASWATHI & PARGITOR “original home of aryans was tibet”

5-D N JHA “original home of aryans was brahmarish desh”

6-A C DAS “sapta sindhu as the home of aryans”.

ORIGIN OF RAJAPUT

COLONEL TODD “Rajaput had a foriegn origin”

V A SMITH “Rajaput people had a mixed origin”

CAUSES OF MOURYAN DECLINE

1-H C RAY CHAUDHARY “Asokas pacifist policy was the reason”.

2-H  SASTRI “Due to brahmanical revolt on account of animal sacrifice”

3-D D KOSAMBI “considerable pressure on mouryan economy leads to heavy taxation .Debasement of coinage was the reason.”

4-ROMILA THAPAR”because of extreme political confution in the ganges vally was a factor for their decline.Spread of material culture of gangetic region to the outlying areas leads to the formation of new kingdom”.

URBAN CENTERS OF MEDIEVAL INDIA

1-IBN BATUTA “Delhi as largest city in the eastern part of the islamic world”.

2-MONSERRATE”Lahore was not second to any city in europe and asia”

3-Abul fazl ”Ahammadabad as a noble city in a high state of prosperity”

4-Ralph fitch”Delhi was not less than Paris and that Agra was bigger than Delhi”.

PEOPLE OF HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION

1-JOHN MARSHALL ‘found some similarities between indus and sumerian culture.

2-E  MACKAY “Found similarities with the Babylonian culture”.

3-R D BANEJEE”People of indus valley were Dravidians”

4-Gorden child “people belonged to the sumerian culture”

5-Dr.guha “people belonged to a mixed race”

6-TO some  “indus people belonged to the Aryan Race”.