Expansion of British empire through war’s-ugc

Expansion of British empire through war’s

1-Anglo Mysore Wars

1-First War (1766-69) Haider Ali defeated the British. Treaty of Madras signed

2-Second War (1780-84). Warren Hastings attacked French port Mahe. which was in Hyder Ali’s territory.

3-Hyder Ali led a joint front with Nizam and Marathas and captured Arcot.

4-In 1781 Hyder Ali was defeated at Porto Novo by Eyre Coot.

5-Treaty of Mangalore (1784) was signed by Tipu Sultan.

6-Third War (1789-92). Marathas and Nizam aided the British. Cornwallis captured Bangalore. By Treaty of Seringapatnam, Tipu ceded half of his territories.

7-Fourth War (1799). ford Wellesley attacked and Tipu died.

2-Anglo Sikh Wars

1-Began after the death of Ranjit Singh in 1839.

2-First War (1845-46). Sikhs were defeated in all the four battles at Mudki. Feroz Shah, Aliwal and Sobraon. Treaty of Lahore ended the War. Sir Henry Lawerence became the first resident.

3-Second War (1948-49/. Dalhausie annexed Punjab. Sir John Lawerence became the first Chief

Commissioner of the Punjab.

Anglo-Burmese Wars

Aims

1-To control forest resources.

2-To increase exports

3-To check French influence.

4-First War (1824-26). British forces drove the Burmese out of Assam, Cachar, Manipur and Arakan. 5-Peace Treaty of Yandobo signed.

6-Second War (1852). British an-nexed Pegu but faced a popular guerrilla warfare.

7-British now controlled whole of Burma’s coastline.

8-Third War (I855). The British annexed upper Burma.

Anglo-Carnatic (Arcot) Wars

1-An instance of Anglo French Rivalry.

2-First (1746-48). The French besieged Madras.

3-At St. Thome battle the Nawab of Carnatic's army was defeated by French under Dupliex

4-Treaty of Aix-La-Chapelle (1748) ended the War of Austrian Succession.

5-Second War (17-49-54). Dupleix aligned with Muzaffar Jung (Hyderabad) and Chanda Sahib (Carnatic).

6-Alter initial victories. Robert Clive emerged victorious.

7-Third War {1758-63) French, Count de Lally captured Fort St. David'.

8-French were defeated at Wandiwash (1760).

9-Pondichery was returned to French by the Treaty of Paris.

Anglo-afghan war

1-First War (1839-42). Arose because the British (Lord Auckland) wanted 10 replace Dost Muhammad with a puppet ruler Shah Shuja.

2-The British laced a popular revolt but were able to re-occupy Kabul. However, they had to restore the throne to Dost Muhammad.

3-Second War (1878-80). Afghan ruler. Slier Ali. was defeated by Lord Lytton and his son signed the Treaty of Gandamak. A British resident was kept in Kabul. Alter he was killed.

4- British adopted the principle of non-interference (Lord Ripon).

Anglo-Maratha Wars

1-First War (1775-82). Favouring the cause of Raghunath Rao for Peshwaship, English (Hastings)

came in conflict with the Marathas. On being defeated, the British had to sign the humiliating Convention of Wadgaon.

2-British later signed Treaty of Salbai, renouncing the cause of Raghoba.

3-Second War (1803-06). The Marathas Peshwa signed the Subsidiary Alliance Treaty of Bassein (1802).

4-The Maratha confederacy, which did not like the idea challenged the British power but were defeated by the British.

5-Third War (1817-1888). Lord Hastings’ was determined to proclaim British paramountacy in India. 6-Hastings moves against Pindaris transgressed the sovereignty of the Maratha chief and the war began.

7-The Marathas were decisively defeated.