COMPUTERS IN SUPPORT OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH.

COMPUTERS IN SUPPORT OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH.

1.History informatics describes an emerging subdiscipline of informatics and history, following business informatics in the 1980s and biomedical informatics in the 1990s.

 2.In analogy to those subdisciplines of informatics, the term “History informatics” was recently coined, derived  from the German term “Historische Fachinformatik”.

3.Medieval history was the first branch of the classical humanities (not taking into account modern linguistics) where computer-based quantitative and statistical research was introduced.

Guidelines for proper use of computers

Guidelines for proper use of computers

1-The development of office ergonomics has resulted largely from the rapid growth of information technology and the increasing numbers of individuals using personal computers. In recent years there has been a significant increase in the number of repetitive strain injuries associated with computer usage. These are often associated with inadequate workplace equipment and conditions and constrained or improper posture.

2- Computer users frequently sit for long periods of time doing work requiring frequent small movements with their eyes, head, arms and fingers.

3- The purpose of these guidelines is to provide guidance on the purchase, setup and use of computer in order to prevent the issues

CYBER CRIME:AN INTRODUCTION

CYBER CRIME:AN INTRODUCTION

1-The concept of cyber crime is not radically different from the concept of conventional crime. Both include conduct whether act or omission, which cause breach of rules of law and counterbalanced by the sanction of the state.

CYBER CRIME

2-Cyber crime is the latest and perhaps the most complicated problem in the cyber world. “Cyber crime may be said to be those species, of which, genus is the conventional crime, and where either the computer is an object or subject of the conduct constituting crime”. “Any criminal activity that uses a computer either as an instrumentality, target or a means for perpetuating further crimes comes within the ambit of cyber crime”.Any criminal activity involving use of computer as a tool or target can be classified as a cyber crime.

CYBER ETHICS

CYBER ETHICS 

 

1-Cyber ethics is the study of ethics pertaining to computer networks, encompassing user behavior and what networked computers are programmed to do, and how this affects individuals and society.

2-In other words Cyber ethics refers to the code of responsible behavior on the Internet. Just as we are taught to act responsibly in everyday life, with lessons such as “Don’t take what doesn’t belong to you,” and “Do not harm others,” -- we must act responsibly in the cyber world as well.

3-Cyberethics is distinct from cyber law. Laws are formal written directives that apply to everyone, interpreted by the judicial system, and enforced by the police. Ethics is a broad philosophical concept that goes beyond simple right and wrong, and looks towards "the good life.

IT AND SOCIETY

IT AND SOCIETY

1-Information Technology and society refers to cyclical co-dependence, co-influence, co-production of technology and society upon the other . This synergistic relationship occurred from the dawn of humankind, with the invention of simple tools and continues into modern technologies such as the printing press and computers.

2-The importance of stone tools, circa 2.5 million years ago, is considered fundamental in human development in the hunting hypothesis. It has been suggested thet the control of fire by early humans and the associated development of cooking was the spark that radically changed human evolution.

automated teller machine

A T M

1-An automated teller machine (ATM), also known as a Cash Point , Cash Machine or sometimes a Hole in the Wall in British English,

MOBILE PHONE TECHNOLOGY

MOBILE PHONE TECHNOLOGY

A mobile phone or cellular phone or hand phone is a mobile electronic device used to make mobile telephone calls across a wide geographic area, served by many public cells. At the sametime a cordless telephone is used only within the range of a single, private base station.