Moderate-led Anti-Partition Movement (1903-05)-ugc

Moderate-led Anti-Partition Movement (1903-05)-ugc

1-Under Surendranath Banerjee, K.K.Mitra. Prithwish Chandra Kay.

Methods

1-Public meeting, petitions, memoranda, propaganda through newspapers and pamphlets.

Movement under Extremists (1905-08)

1-Led by Tilak. Bipin Chandra Pal. Lajpat Rai, and Aurobindo Ghosh.

2-The political extremists demanded self-government for India, not under British tutelage or British Paramountcy (as the Moderates wished), but by severing all British connections, and wiping off British influences. Methods included boycott of foreign cloth and other goods, public meeting and

3-Processions, forming corps of volunteers or samitis.

4-Use of( traditional popular festivals and melas for propaganda.

5-Emphasis on self-reliance or atma shakti.

6-Launching programme of swadeshi or national education, swadeshi or indigenous enterprises.

7-Initialing new trends in Indian painting, songs, poetry, pioneering research in science.

8-Call for boycott of schools, colleges, councils, government service, etc.

9-The students of Bengal played a prominent part. They practiced & propagated Swadeshi.

10-Remarkable aspect was the involvement of women.

11-Many prominent Muslims including Abdul Rasul, Liaquat Hussain. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad also joined the movemen

12-Tilak played the leading role in spreading the movement lo the rest of the country.

Impact of Swadeshi Movement

1-Swadeshi movement was stepping stone of Nationalist movement. which led to beginning of organized political movement in India.

2-Rise of Neo-Nationalistsmvt

3-Surat split

4-Revival of indigenous industries

5-Boycott of foreign goods Cultural

6-Revival & emergence of nationalist art & literature

7-Concept of national education.

Regional Variations

1-Bihar and United Provinces were quiet

2-B C Pal in Madras led Vande Mat ram Movement.

3-Lala Lajpal Rai and Ajit Singh led the movement in Punjab

4-Tilak began the Swadesh Vastra Pracharni Sabine

5-Savarkar founded the Mitra Mela

6-Tilak was imprisoned for 6 years in Mandalay jail and was released in 1914.

LEADERS    &  JOURNALS

1-Bipin Pal ---New Indio

2-B Upadhyaya -----Sandhya

3-Barinder Ghosh----- Yugantar

4-K K Mitra -------Sanjivini

5-Ajit Singh------ Bharat Mata.

Most Important Achievement

1-“ A leap forward” because hitherto untouched sections participated, major trends of‘ later movement emerged; richness of the movement extended to culture, science and literature; people educated in bolder form of politics; colonial hegemony undermined.

Failure of Swadeshi Movement by 1908

1-Severe government repression. .

2-Lack of effective organization of all leaders

3-Spin in nationalist ranks

4-The Swadeshi leaders refrained from rallying the peasants.

5-Narrow social base.

Acts Passed by the Government to Suppress the Movement

1-Seditious meetings Act (1907)

2-Criminal Law (Amendment) Act (1008)

3-Indian Newspapers (Incitement lo Offences) Act (1908)

4-Explosive Substances Act (1908)

5-Indian Press Act (1910)...........