Mughal Architecture-ugc

Mughal Architecture-ugc

 Babar

1-Babar’s built two mosques one at Kabulibagh in Panipat and the other at Sambhal in Rohilkhand.

Humayun

2-Humayun laid the foundation of the city Din Panah at Delhi.

3-Humayun’s tomb is called the proto type of Taj Mahal. It has a double dome of marble, while the central dome is octagonal. It was built by his widow Haji Begum.

4-The garden and the gateway are to be found in all Mughal-style tombs.

Akbar

1-Building’s built by Akbar are Agra Fort (1565), Lahore Palace (1572), Fatehpur Sikri’, Buland Darwaza and Allahabad Fort (1583).

2-The architecture at Fatehpur Sikri is an excellent blending of Persian, Central Asian and various Indian (Bengal and Gujarat) styles . It is also known as Epic poem in red sandstone. Indian tradition includes deep eaves, balconies and Kiosks. Central Asian Style is evident in the use of glazed blue tiles.

3-Two unusual buildings at Fatehpur Sikri are Panch Mahal & Diwan-i-Khas

4-The Panch Mahal has the plan of Buddhist Vihara.

5-The Jodhabai’s Palace, Diwan-i-Aam, Diwan-i-Khas are Indian in their plan.

6-Buland Darwaja (built after Gujarat victory), formed the main entrance to Fatehpur Sikri. It is built in the Iranian style of half dome portal.

7-Salim Chisti’s tomb (redone in Marble by Jahangir is the first Mughal building in Pure marble), palaces of

Birbal, Anup Talao, Mariyam Mahal are also inside the Fatehpur Sikri.

8-He built the Jahangiri Mahal in Agra fort according to Hindu design based on Man Mandir.

9-Haroon Minor—Tower built by Akbar in memory of his elephant (Haroon).

10-He also began to build his own tomb at Sikandara which, was later completed by Jahangir.

Jahangir

1-The style of architecture used by both Jahangir and Shahjahan is known as Indo Persian. Important features of this style are Curved lines, Bulbous dome, foliated arches vigorous use of marble instead of red sand stone and use of pietre dura for decorative purposes.

2-Nurjahan built Itimad-ud-Daula’s (another name of Mirza Ghiyas Beg) marble tomb at Agra, which is

noticeable for the first use of pietra dura (floral designs made up of semiprecious stones) technique.

3-He built Moti Masjid in Lcdwre and his own mausoleum at Shahdara (Lahore).

4-He also changed the plan of Akbar’s tomb at Sikandara. It is an unusual tomb as it is not surmounted by a dome and built on the model of a Buddhist Pagoda.

Shahajahan

1-Mosque building activity reached its climax in Taj Mahal. He also built the Jama Masjid (sand stone).

2-Some of the important building built by Shahajahan at agra are Moti Masjid (pniy mosque of marble) in Agra,Khaas Mahal, Musamman Bun (Jasmine Palace where he spent his last years in captivity ) and Sheesh Mahal with mosaic glasses on walls and ceilings.

3-Many stone buildings were destroyed by him and replaced by marble.

4-He laid the foundations of Shahjahanabad in 1637 where he built the Red Fort and Taqt-i-taus (Peacock

throne).

5-Most richly ornamented building in Red Fort was the Diwan-i-Khas or Rang Mahal

6-He laid the Shalimar Gardens in Lahore.

7-Shahjahan built Nahar-i-Fuiz.

Aurangzeb

1-Only building built by Aurangzeb in the Red Fort is Moti Masjid.

2-Only monument associated with Aurangzeb is Bibi ka Makbara which is the tomb of his wife Rabbia-ud-daura

in Aurangabad.

3-He also built the Badshahi mosque in Lahore.