Sher Shah (1540-1545)-ugc
1-He was born to Hasan, (the Jagirdar of Kwaspur, Sahasram and Hajipur Tanda) as Farid.
2-Ibrahim lodi transferred his father’s
Jagir to him.
3- In 1527-28-he joined Babur’s service and then returned to Bihar as deputy governor and guardian of the minor king
Jalal Khan Lohani.
4- He aidedMahmud Lodi at Ghagra.
6-He gamed Chunar by marrying the widow Lad Malika.
7-Humayun besieged Chunar again, in 1539, he captured Chausa.
8-He assumed the title Sher Shah as emperor,
9- In 1540 he annexed Kanauj and then Lahore.
10-He died in 1545 while conquering Kalinjar.
Various Diwans under Sher sha
a-Wazarat-revenues and finance.
b-Ariz-military
c- Rasalatmuhtasib-correspondence.
d-Insha-dispatches.
e-Quza-justice.
f- Barid-intelligence.
g-Saman-Toy a\ household.
Administration
1-He continued the central machinery of administration which had developed during the Sultanate period.
2-A number of villages comprised of Pargana, which was under the charge of Shiqdar, who looked after the law
and order and general administration.
3-The Munsif or Amil looked after the collection of land revenue.
4-Above the Pargana was the Shiq or Sarkar under the charge of the shiqdar-i-shiqdaran and munsif-i-munsifan.
5-A number of Sarkars were grouped into a province.
Justice
1-Civil cases of pargana were heard by Amin and criminal cases by a Qazi or Mir-i-Adal.
2-He introduced the principle of local responsibility for local crimes.
3-Muqqadams were punished for failure to find culprits.
Revenue System
1-Land was measured using the Sikandari-gaz (a unit of measure introduced by Sikandar Lodi)
2-One third of the average was fixed as tax.
3-The peasant was given a patta (title deed) and a qabuliyat ( deed of agreement) which fixed the peasants rights and taxes Zamindars were removed and the taxes were directly collected.
Customs
1-All internal customs and duties were abolished. Only 2 duties were levied.
Currency
1-He introduced the silver rupiya
Public works
1-Parana Qila was built along with Grand Trunk Road from Sonargaon (Bengal) to Attock (NWFP).
2-He also built 17(H) sarais (rest houses) which also served as dak chuukis.
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