MUHTASIB
Muhtasib: A chief of municipal administrator and police administration. He was generally a person well versed in quranic law and practices. However, he was next to qazi in hierarchy. His main functions were of policing of the markets. His main functions involved checking the weight, put check on the fraud, to check the quality of merchandise. His agent to the market was called arif. However, he could not sit judge on the dispute - a function which was performed by a qazi. Muhtasib in some books had been mentioned as morality police officer. It is also true. This post was quite significant in Market and Economic policy of Alauddin Khilji. Shiqdar -i- Shiqdaran was Malik Qabul who was placed under Diwan-i-riyasat. Diwan-i-riyasat was Malik Yakub, who was overall incharge and responsible for the implementation of the economic policy. In order to upgrade Malik Yakub over Malik Qabul, Malik Yakub was also designated as Muhtasib. J. L. Mehta writes Muhtasib-the censor of public morals.
HUMANYUN NAMAH
GULBADAN BEGUM AUTHORED HUMANYUN NAMAH. THE MANUSCRIPT BY HER IS TITLED "AHWAL HUMANYUN PADSHAH JAMAKHARDAH GULBADAN BEGUM BINT BABAR PADHSAH UMMA AKBAR PADSHAH". A SIMPLE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE TITLE IS, "THE ACCOUNT OF THE EMPEROR HUMANYUN COMPILED BY GULBADAN BEGAM, A DAUGHTER OF PADSHAH BABAR AND PATERNAL AUNT OF PADSHAH AKABR."
IN THE TITLE, BINT MEANS A DAUGHTER AND UMMA MANS PATERNAL AUNT OF BHUAA OF AKBAR PADHSHAH. GULBADAN BEGUM WAS DAUGHTER OF BABUR FROM DILDAR BEGUM. HUMANYUN, SON OF BABUR WAS FROM MAHIM BEGUM. HENCE, GULBADAN BEGUM WAS A HALF SISTER OF HUMANYUN.
THE LANGUAGE OF THE WORK IS PERSIAN WITH LIBERAL USE OF TURKISH WORDS. THE WORK IS A MAJOR SOURCE ON THE ACTUAL FRATRICIDAL CONFLICT BETWEEN HUMANYUN AND HIS BROTHER KAMRAN.
AKBAR HAD INVITED GULBADAN BEGUM TO HINDUSTAN IN 1557 FROM KABUL. SHE REMAINED IN HINDUSTAN AND DIED THERE IN 1603. GULBADAN BEGUM HAD COLLECTED THE INCIDENCES OF THE FAMILY ON THE REQUEST OF AKBAR, A TASK OF WRITING CHRONICLES AND HISTORY WHICH AKBAR HAD, AS A POLICY, ASSIGNED TO NUMEROUS SCHOLARS OF HIS TIME. HOWEVER, THE CONTENTS ARE OF AN AVERAGE LITERARY QUALITY BUT DEFINITELY A MAJOR SOURCE ON THE FAMILY AFFAIRS OF HUMANYUN AND HIS PERSONA.
IN THE TITLE, BINT MEANS A DAUGHTER AND UMMA MANS PATERNAL AUNT OF BHUAA OF AKBAR PADHSHAH. GULBADAN BEGUM WAS DAUGHTER OF BABUR FROM DILDAR BEGUM. HUMANYUN, SON OF BABUR WAS FROM MAHIM BEGUM. HENCE, GULBADAN BEGUM WAS A HALF SISTER OF HUMANYUN.
THE LANGUAGE OF THE WORK IS PERSIAN WITH LIBERAL USE OF TURKISH WORDS. THE WORK IS A MAJOR SOURCE ON THE ACTUAL FRATRICIDAL CONFLICT BETWEEN HUMANYUN AND HIS BROTHER KAMRAN.
AKBAR HAD INVITED GULBADAN BEGUM TO HINDUSTAN IN 1557 FROM KABUL. SHE REMAINED IN HINDUSTAN AND DIED THERE IN 1603. GULBADAN BEGUM HAD COLLECTED THE INCIDENCES OF THE FAMILY ON THE REQUEST OF AKBAR, A TASK OF WRITING CHRONICLES AND HISTORY WHICH AKBAR HAD, AS A POLICY, ASSIGNED TO NUMEROUS SCHOLARS OF HIS TIME. HOWEVER, THE CONTENTS ARE OF AN AVERAGE LITERARY QUALITY BUT DEFINITELY A MAJOR SOURCE ON THE FAMILY AFFAIRS OF HUMANYUN AND HIS PERSONA.
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